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什么?你还停留在制备石墨烯的阶段?
2016.09.26   点击6723次

    石墨烯是目前世界上最薄却也是最坚硬的纳米材料,它是由单层碳原子构成的蜂窝状二维晶体,具有优异的电学、热传导、阻隔性等材料性能,被称为“黑金”和“新材料之王”。科学家曾预言“石墨烯将彻底改变21世纪”。

    虽然荣获2010年诺贝尔奖的两位科学家仅凭借一卷胶带、一支铅笔就制备出了石墨烯,但这并不代表石墨烯就能很快被大规模生产。事实上受技术所限,要大量制得质量高、缺陷少、性能优异的石墨烯绝非易事。

    当前石墨烯的制备技术主要包括:化学气相沉积法,氧化还原法,微机械剥离法和外延生长法等。氧化还原因为操作简单、制备成本低,产率高等优点已成为实验室的石墨烯主流合成方法。具体操作过程为:先用强氧化剂浓硫酸、浓硝酸、高锰酸钾等将石墨氧化成氧化石墨,氧化过程即在石墨层间穿插一些含氧官能团,从而加大了石墨层间距,然后经超声处理一段时间之后,就可形成单层或数层氧化石墨烯,再用强还原剂水合肼、硼氢化钠等将氧化石墨烯还原成石墨烯。

氧化石墨烯制备流程(来源:材料+)

    氧化还原法看似简单,要注意的地方其实有很多,比如:氧化剂的浓度要合适,反应时间要控制,各种参数要调控等。操作上也需倍加小心,且不说实验中用到的强氧化剂腐蚀性高,在将这些强氧化剂混合时尤其要注意用量和比例,超出限制很可能引发爆炸。

    所以说,制备石墨烯的过程也算是经历九九八十一难,才能得到理想的产物。可惜即便你一路努力,操作得当,有时候实验还是会以失败告终。

    Sigma-Aldrich可以提供多种形式的石墨烯和氧化石墨烯产品,有膜、有粉末、有水溶液。

Graphene Films
 产品编号 产品描述
 3092685 Graphene field effect transistor chip 
 3092695 Graphene nanoribbons alkyl functionalized
 3092696 Graphene nanoribbons
 3154816 Monolayer graphene film, 1 cm x 1 cm on copper foil
 3154817 Monolayer graphene film, 1 cm x 1 cm on quartz
 3154818 Monolayer graphene film, 1 cm x 1 cm on SiO2/Si substrate
 3154819 Monolayer graphene film, 1 in x 1 in on copper foil
 3154820 Monolayer graphene film, 1 in. x 1 in. on PET film
 3154821 Monolayer graphene film, 2 in. x 2 in. on PET film
 3246098 Suspended monolayer graphene on TEM grid substrate (Quantifoil gold)
Graphene Ink
 产品编号 产品描述
 3092681 Graphene dispersion with ethyl cellulose in cyclohexanone and terpineol, inkjet printable
 3092682 Graphene dispersion 10 mg/mL, dispersion in NMP 
 3092683 Graphene dispersion with ethyl cellulose in terpineol, gravure printable
 3092684 Graphene dispersion with ethyl cellulose in terpineol, screen printable
 3092686 Graphene ink in water flexo/gravure/screen printable
 3092687 Graphene ink in water Inkjet printable
 3092688 Graphene ink in water screen printable
 3300565 3D Printing Graphene Ink
Graphene Oxide
 产品编号 产品描述
 3092697 Graphene oxide 2 mg/mL, dispersion in H2O
 3092698 Graphene oxide sheets
 3092699 Graphene oxide 4 mg/mL, dispersion in H2O
 3092700 Graphene oxide 15-20 sheets, 4-10% edge-oxidized, 1 mg/mL, dispersion in H2O
 3092701 Graphene oxide powder, 15-20 sheets, 4-10% edge-oxidized
 3092703 Graphene oxide, alkylamine functionalized 2.0 mg/mL, dispersion (in toluene)
 3092704 Graphene oxide, ammonia functionalized 1 mg/mL, dispersion in H2O
 3092702 Graphene oxide nanocolloids 2 mg/mL, dispersion in H2O
Graphene Powder and Dispersion
 产品编号 产品描述
 3092689 Graphene nanoplatelets powder
 3092690 Graphene nanoplatelets 1 mg/mL, dispersion in H2O
 3092691 Graphene nanoplatelets powder, polycarboxylate functionalized, hydrophilic
 3092692 Graphene nanoplatelets powder, hydrocarbon functionalized, hydrophobic
 3092693 Graphene nanoplatelets powder, oxidized
 3092694 Graphene nanoplatelets powder, hydrophobic
Nanocomposites
 产品编号 产品描述
 3086884 Fe3O4/graphene nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion in acetone 
 3086885 Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion in acetone 
 3139211 Mn3O4/graphene nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion in acetone 
 3139212 Mn3O4/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion in acetone 
 3179595 Pd/graphene nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion in acetone 
 3179596 Pd/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion in acetone 
 3210716 PtCo/graphene nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion in acetone 
 3210717 PtCo/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion in acetone 
 3210891 PtPd/graphene nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion in acetone 
 3210892 PtPd/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion in acetone 
 3210691 Pt/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion in acetone 
 3252749 TiO2/graphene nanocomposite 10 mg/mL, dispersion (in acetone)
Reduced Graphene Oxide
 产品编号 产品描述
 3214706 Reduced graphene oxide
 3214707 Reduced graphene oxide
 3214708 Reduced graphene oxide amine functionalized
 3214709 Reduced graphene oxide octadecylamine functionalized
 3214710 Reduced graphene oxide tetraethylene pentamine functionalized
 3214711 Reduced graphene oxide piperazine functionalized

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